Винстон Черчилл
Сэр Уи́нстон Леона́рд Спе́нсер Че́рчилль (инг. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, ингилис гьаракь бахъи: [ˌwɪnstən ˈtʃɜːtʃɪl][3] (30 новембер, 1874, Бленгьейм кӀалгӀа, Вудсток — 24 январ 1965, Кинстон ва Челси, Лондон, Цолъараб Къиралат) — британ пачалихъияв хъулухъчи, рагъулав хъулухъчи ва хъвадарухъан, КӀиабилеб дунялалъулаб рагъул заманалда, 1940 соналдаса 1945 соналде щвезегӀанги, хадув 1951 соналдаса 1955 соналде щвезегӀанги Цолъараб Къиралаталъул премьер-министерлъун вукӀарав. 1922-даса 1924-де щвезегӀа кӀиго соналъ хутӀизегӀан, гьев вукӀана Парламенталъул гъорлӀчилъун 1900 соналдаса 1964 соналде щвегӀан ва гьес вакиллъи гьабулаан гӀаммаб къагӀидаялъ щуго рищадул сверухълъиялъе. Идеологияб рахъалъ экономикияв либералчи ва империалист, гьев жиндирго карьераялъул гӀемерисел саназ вукӀана Консервативияб партиялъул гъорлӀчилъун, жинца гьелъие 1940–1955 соназда нухмалъи гьабулев вукӀарав. 1904 соналдаса 1924 соналде щвезегӀан гьев вукӀана Либералияб партиялъул гъорлӀчилъунги.
Тухум-кьибил
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Баянкьелал
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]МугъчӀваял
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Цитатаби
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]- ↑ "Черчилль". Большая Российская Энциклопедия. Архивация оригинал, 2022-06-15. Щвей 2022-07-07.
{{cite web}}: Invalid|url-status=хвараб(help) - ↑ "Уинстон Черчиль. Биография". РИА Новости.
- ↑ "Winston Churchill" (мацӀ: английский). Oxford Learner's Dictionary.
- ↑ Churchill, Randolph S. (1966). Winston S. Churchill: Volume One: Youth, 1874–1900. Hillsdale, Michigan: Hillsdale College Press. гьгь. 13–16. ISBN 978-09-16308-08-7.
Библиография
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]- Arthur, Max (2017). Churchill – The Life: An authorised pictorial biography. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-17-88400-02-2.
- Adams, Edward (2011). Liberal Epic: The Victorian Practice of History from Gibbon to Churchill. Charlottesville, Virginia: University of Virginia Press. ISBN 978-08-13931-45-6.
- Addison, Paul (1980). "The Political Beliefs of Winston Churchill". Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. 30. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 23–47. doi:10.2307/3679001. JSTOR 3679001.
- Addison, Paul (2005). Churchill: The Unexpected Hero. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-01-99297-43-6.
- Allen, Louis (1984). Burma: The Longest War 1941–1945. J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. ISBN 978-04-60024-74-7.
- Ball, Stuart (2001). "Churchill and the Conservative Party". Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. 11. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 307–330. doi:10.1017/S0080440101000160. JSTOR 3679426. S2CID 153860359.
- Bayly, Christopher; Harper, Tim (2004). Forgotten Armies: Britain's Asian Empire & the War with Japan. Penguin History. ISBN 978-01-40293-31-9.
- Bell, Christopher M. (2011). "Sir John Fisher's Naval Revolution Reconsidered: Winston Churchill at the Admiralty, 1911–1914". War in History. 18 (3): 333–356. doi:10.1177/0968344511401489. S2CID 159573922.
- Best, Geoffrey (2001). Churchill: A Study in Greatness. London and New York: Hambledon and Continuum. ISBN 978-18-52852-53-5.
- Blake, Robert; Louis, Wm. Roger, редл. (1993). Churchill: A Major New Reassessment of His Life in Peace and War. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-01-98203-17-9. OCLC 30029512.
- Charmley, John (1995). Churchill's Grand Alliance, 1940–1957. London: Hodder & Stoughton Ltd. ISBN 978-01-51275-81-6. OCLC 247165348.
- Churchill, Winston (1967b) [first published 1948]. The Twilight War: 3 September 1939 – 10 May 1940. The Second World War. Том II (9th ред.). London: Cassell & Co. Ltd.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Douglas, R. M. (2009). "Did Britain Use Chemical Weapons in Mandatory Iraq?". The Journal of Modern History. 81 (4): 859–887. doi:10.1086/605488. S2CID 154708409.
- Gilbert, Martin (1991). Churchill: A Life. London: Heinemann. ISBN 978-04-34291-83-0.
- Gilbert, Martin (1988). Never Despair: Winston S. Churchill, 1945–1965. Trowbridge: Minerva. ISBN 978-07-49391-04-1.
- Haffner, Sebastian (2003). Churchill. John Brownjohn (translator). London: Haus. ISBN 978-19-04341-07-9. OCLC 852530003.
- Hastings, Max (2009). Finest Years. Churchill as Warlord, 1940–45. Hammersmith: Harper Collins. ISBN 978-00-07263-67-7.
- Hermiston, Roger (2016). All Behind You, Winston – Churchill's Great Coalition, 1940–45. London: Aurum Press. ISBN 978-17-81316-64-1.
- Jenkins, Roy (2001). Churchill. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 978-03-30488-05-1.
- Johnson, Boris (2014). The Churchill Factor: How One Man Made History. London: Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 978-14-44783-05-6.
- Johnson, Paul (2010). Churchill. New York: Penguin. ISBN 978-01-43117-99-5.
- Jordan, Anthony J. (1995). Churchill, A Founder of Modern Ireland. Westport, Mayo: Westport Books. ISBN 978-09-52444-70-1.
- Khan, Yasmin (2015). India at War: The Subcontinent and the Second World War. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-975349-9.
- Knickerbocker, H. R. (1941). Is Tomorrow Hitler's? 200 Questions on the Battle of Mankind. New York: Reynal & Hitchcock. ISBN 978-14-17992-77-5.
{{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) - Langworth, Richard (2008). Churchill in His Own Words. London: Ebury Press. ISBN 978-00-91933-36-4.
- Moritz, Jr., Edward (1958). "Winston Churchill – Prison Reformer". The Historian. 20 (4). Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley: 428–440. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6563.1958.tb01990.x. JSTOR 24437567.
- O'Brien, Jack (1989). British Brutality in Ireland. Dublin: The Mercier Press. ISBN 978-0-85342-879-4.
- Rasor, Eugene L. (2000). Winston S. Churchill, 1874–1965: A Comprehensive Historiography and Annotated Bibliography. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-03-13305-46-7.
- Reagles, David; Larsen, Timothy (2013). "Winston Churchill and Almighty God". Historically Speaking. 14 (5). Boston, Massachusetts: Johns Hopkins University Press: 8–10. doi:10.1353/hsp.2013.0056. S2CID 161952924.
- Rhodes James, Robert (1970). Churchill: A Study in Failure 1900–1939. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 978-02-97820-15-4.
- Roberts, Andrew (2018). Churchill: Walking with Destiny. London: Allen Lane. ISBN 978-11-01980-99-6.
- Robbins, Keith (2014) [1992]. Churchill: Profiles in Power. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-13-17874-52-2.
- Sen, Amartya (1977). "Starvation and exchange entitlements: a general approach and its application to the Great Bengal Famine". Cambridge Journal of Economics. 1 (1): 33–59. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.cje.a035349.
- Shakespeare, Nicholas (2017). Six Minutes in May. London: Vintage. ISBN 978-17-84701-00-0.
- Soames, Mary (1998). Speaking for Themselves: The Personal Letters of Winston and Clementine Churchill. London: Doubleday. ISBN 978-03-85406-91-8.
- Taylor, Frederick (2005). Dresden: Tuesday, 13 February 1945. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-07-47570-84-4.
- Toye, Richard (2007). Lloyd George and Churchill: Rivals for Greatness. London: Macmillan. ISBN 978-14-05048-96-5.
ТӀадеги цӀалиялъе
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]- Beschloss, Michael R. (2002). The Conquerors: Roosevelt, Truman and the Destruction of Hitler's Germany, 1941–1945. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-06-84810-27-0. OCLC 50315054.
- Blake, Robert (1997). Winston Churchill. Pocket Biographies. Stroud: Sutton Publishing. ISBN 978-07-50915-07-6. OCLC 59586004.
- Халип:Cite EB1922
- Charmley, John (1993). Churchill, The End of Glory: A Political Biography. London: Hodder & Stoughton Ltd. ISBN 978-15-66632-47-8. OCLC 440131865.
- Churchill, Winston (1923a). 1911–1914. The World Crisis. Том I. London: Thornton Butterworth.
- Churchill, Winston (1923b). 1915. The World Crisis. Том II. London: Thornton Butterworth.
- Churchill, Winston (1927). 1916–1918 (Parts I and II). The World Crisis. Том III. London: Thornton Butterworth.
- Churchill, Winston (1929). The Aftermath: 1918–1922. The World Crisis. Том IV. London: Thornton Butterworth.
- Churchill, Winston (1931). The Eastern Front. The World Crisis. Том V. London: Thornton Butterworth.
- Churchill, Winston (1970a) [first published 1949]. The Fall of France: May 1940 – August 1940. The Second World War. Том III (9th ред.). London: Cassell & Co. Ltd.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Churchill, Winston (1970b) [first published 1949]. Alone: September 1940 – December 1940. The Second World War. Том IV (9th ред.). London: Cassell & Co. Ltd.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Churchill, Winston (1968a) [first published 1950]. Germany Drives East: 2 January 1941 – 22 June 1941. The Second World War. Том V (5th ред.). London: Cassell & Co. Ltd.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Churchill, Winston (1968b) [first published 1950]. War Comes to America: 23 June 1941 – 17 January 1942. The Second World War. Том VI (5th ред.). London: Cassell & Co. Ltd.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Churchill, Winston (1967a) [first published 1948]. From War to War: 1919–1939. The Second World War. Том I (9th ред.). London: Cassell & Co. Ltd.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Churchill, Winston (1968c) [first published 1951]. The Onslaught of Japan: 18 January 1942 – 3 July 1942. The Second World War. Том VII (4th ред.). London: Cassell & Co. Ltd.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Churchill, Winston (1968d) [first published 1951]. Africa Redeemed: 4 July 1942 – 5 June 1943. The Second World War. Том VIII (4th ред.). London: Cassell & Co. Ltd.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Churchill, Winston (1966a) [first published 1952]. Italy Won: 6 June 1943 – 12 November 1943. The Second World War. Том IX (4th ред.). London: Cassell & Co. Ltd.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Churchill, Winston (1966b) [first published 1952]. Teheran to Rome: 13 November 1943 – 5 June 1944. The Second World War. Том X (4th ред.). London: Cassell & Co. Ltd.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Churchill, Winston (1954a) [first published April 1954]. The Tide of Victory: June 1944 – December 1944. The Second World War. Том XI (2nd ред.). London: Cassell & Co. Ltd.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Churchill, Winston (1954b) [first published April 1954]. The Iron Curtain: January 1945 – July 1945. The Second World War. Том XII (2nd ред.). London: Cassell & Co. Ltd.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Colville, John (1985). The Fringes of Power, Volume One: September 1939 to September 1941. Sevenoaks: Hodder & Stoughton Ltd. ISBN 978-03-40402-69-6.
- Colville, John (1987). The Fringes of Power, Volume Two: September 1941 – April 1955. Sevenoaks: Hodder & Stoughton Ltd. ISBN 978-18-42126-26-4.
- Coombs, David; Churchill, Minnie (2003). Sir Winston Churchill: His Life through His Paintings. Mary Soames (foreword). Cambridge: Pegasus. ISBN 978-07-62427-31-4. The book includes illustrations of more than 500 paintings by Churchill.
- D'Este, Carlo (2008). Warlord: A Life of Winston Churchill at War, 1874–1945. New York: Harper. ISBN 978-00-60575-73-1. LCCN 2008009272.
- Gilbert, Martin (1994). In Search of Churchill: A Historian's Journey. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley. ISBN 978-00-02153-56-0.
- Gilbert, Martin; Churchill, Randolph (1966). Winston S. Churchill, The Official Biography (eight volumes). London: William Heinemann. ISBN 978-09-16308-08-7.
- Hitchens, Christopher (2002). "The Medals of His Defeats". The Atlantic. Washington DC: The Atlantic Monthly Group. Щвей 22 December 2019.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help) - Knowles, Elizabeth (1999). The Oxford Dictionary of Twentieth Century Quotations. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-01-98662-50-1.
- Loewenheim, Francis L.; Langley, Harold D.; Jonas, Manfred, редл. (1990) [first published 1975]. Roosevelt and Churchill: Their Secret Wartime Correspondence. Boston, Massachusetts: Da Capo Press Inc. ISBN 978-03-06803-90-1.
- Lukacs, John (2002). Churchill: Visionary, Statesman, Historian. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-03-00103-02-1.
- Reynolds, David; Pechatnov, Vladimir, редл. (2019). The Kremlin Letters: Stalin's Wartime Correspondence with Churchill and Roosevelt. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-03-00226-82-9.
- Rhodes James, Robert, ред. (1974). Winston S. Churchill: His Complete Speeches, 1897–1963 (eight volumes). London: Chelsea Publishing. ISBN 978-08-35206-93-8.
- Seldon, Anthony (2010). Churchill's Indian Summer: The Conservative Government, 1951–1955. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-05-71272-69-3.
- Smith, Gary Scott (2021). Duty and Destiny: The Life and Faith of Winston Churchill. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0-8028-7700-0.
- Toye, Richard (2010). Churchill's Empire: The World that made him and the World he made. London: Macmillan. ISBN 978-02-30703-84-1.
КъватӀисел регӀелал
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]- Винстон Черчилл at Curlie
- Churchill's First World War from the Imperial War Museum.
- FBI files on Winston Churchill.
- Winston Churchill's Personal Manuscripts.
- Халип:Nobelprize
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- Асаразул автор: Винстон Черчилл Project Gutenberg-алда
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- ХӀалтӀаби: Винстон Черчилл Интернет Архивалда
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- Хъвай-бахъиял
- EarthStation1: Winston Churchill Speech Audio Archive.
- Amateur colour film footage of Churchill's funeral from the Imperial War Museum.
- Музеял, архивал ва библеотекаби
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- Records and images from the UK Parliament Collections.
- The International Churchill Society (ICS).
- Imperial War Museum: Churchill War Rooms. Comprising the original underground War Rooms preserved since 1945, including the Cabinet Room, the Map Room and Churchill's bedroom, and the new Museum dedicated to Churchill's life.
- War Cabinet Minutes (1942), (1942–43), (1945–46), (1946).
- Locations of correspondence and papers of Churchill at the UK National Archives.
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