Интернационалаб фонетикияб алфабет гьумералъул иццухъ ралагьизе

{{Infobox writing system
|name        = Интернационалаб фонетикияб алфабет
|type        = [[Алипба]]
|typedesc    = – бутӀаккун [[Функционалаб алфабет|функционалабги]]
|languages   = ХаӀалтӀизабула бокьараб мацӀалъул [[Фонетика|фонетикияб]] ва [[Фонема|фонемияб]] транскрипциялъе
|time        = 1888 соналдаса нахъе
|fam1        = [[Палеотайпаяб алфабет]], [[Инглис фонотипикияб алфабет]]
|fam2        = [[Ромикияб алфабет]]
|sample      = IPA in IPA.svg
|imagesize   = 200px
|note        = none
|unicode     =
|iso15924    = 
|caption     = "IPA" жиндирго алфабеталда ({{IPA|[aɪ pʰiː eɪ]}})
}}
[[File:IPA chart 2020.svg|thumb|upright=1.5|ИФАлъул официалаб табло, 2020 соналде хал-шал гьабураб]]

'''Интернационалаб фонетикияб алфабет''' яги '''ИФА''' ({{lang-en|International Phonetic Alphabet}} яги IPA, {{lang-fr|Alphabet phonétique international}}) ккола аслияб къагӀидаялъ латин хъвай-хъвагӀиялъул аслуялдаги бугеб [[фонетикияб транскрипцион|фонетикияб хъваялъеги]] хӀалтӀизабулеб [[алфабет|алфабетияб]] система. Гьеб гӀуцӀана XIX гӀасруялъул ахиралда [[Интернационалаб Фонетикияб Ассоциация]]лъ хъвавул формаялда гьаркьилаб каламалъул стандартинабураб бихьизаби хӀисабалда.<ref name="IPA 1999">International Phonetic Association (IPA), ''Handbook''.</ref> ХФА хӀалтӀизабула  [[лексикография|лексикографчагӀаз]], [[КъватӀисел мацӀал|къватӀисел мацӀазул]] студентаз ва мугӀалимзабаз, [[лингвистика|лингвистаз]], [[каламалъул ва мацӀалъул патология|калам–мацӀ патологчагӀаз]], кочӀохъабаз, актораз, [[конструктинарурал мацӀал|конструктинарурал мацӀазул]] гьабунчагӀаз ва таржамачагӀаз.<ref name="world">{{Cite book|last=MacMahon|first=Michael K. C.|chapter=Phonetic Notation|editor=P. T. Daniels|editor2=W. Bright|title=The World's Writing Systems|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195079937/page/821 821–846]|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=1996|location=New York|isbn=0-19-507993-0|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195079937/page/821}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|first=Joan |last=Wall |title=International Phonetic Alphabet for Singers: A Manual for English and Foreign Language Diction |publisher=Pst |year=1989 |isbn=1-877761-50-8 }}</ref>

ИФА буго га́рул къагӀидаби, жал лексикияб (ва гӀурхъалӀ бугеб хӀалалъ просодикияб) кӀалзул га́рул абулеб куцалъул бутӀабилъунги ругел: [[фон (фонетика)|phones]], [[фонема]]би, [[Интонация (лингвистика)|интонация]] ва рагӀабазулги [[Гьижа|гьижабазулги]] рикьизаби.<ref name="IPA 1999" />.

== Тарих ==

== Сипат-сурат ==

== ХӀарпазул хасият ==

== Символал ва гьаркьал ==

== ХӀалтӀизаби ==

== ХӀарпал ==

=== Рагьукъал ===

==== Пульмоникиял ====

==== Пульмоникиял гурел ====

==== Коартикуляция ====

==== Аффрикатал ва кӀирекъараб артикуляция ====

=== Рагьарал ===

== Таблицаби ==

=== Суперсегментиял гӀаламатал ===

=== Диакритикал ===

==Баянкьелал==
{{Reflist|group=note|30em}}

==ХӀужжаби==
{{Reflist}}

==Съгласни гласни==
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Ball|first=Martin J.|author2=John H. Esling|author3=B. Craig Dickson|year=1995|title=The VoQS system for the transcription of voice quality|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association|volume=25|issue=2|pages=71–80|doi=10.1017/S0025100300005181}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Duckworth|first=M.|author2=G. Allen|author3=M.J. Ball|date=December 1990|title=Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet for the transcription of atypical speech|journal=Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics|volume=4|issue=4|pages=273–280|doi=10.3109/02699209008985489}}
* {{Cite journal|last1=Hill|first1=Kenneth C.|date=March 1988|last2=Pullum|first2=Geoffrey K.|last3=Ladusaw|first3=William|title=Review of ''Phonetic Symbol Guide'' by G. K. Pullum & W. Ladusaw|journal=Language|volume=64|issue=1|pages=143–144|doi=10.2307/414792|jstor=414792}}
* {{Cite journal|author=International Phonetic Association|year=1989|title=Report on the 1989 Kiel convention|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association|volume=19|issue=2|pages=67–80|doi=10.1017/s0025100300003868}}
* {{Cite book|author=International Phonetic Association|year=1999|title=Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet|location=Cambridge|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=0-521-65236-7}} (hb); {{ISBN|0-521-63751-1}} (pb).
* {{Cite book|last=Jones|first=Daniel|author-link=Daniel Jones (phonetician)|title=English pronouncing dictionary|year=1988|edition=revised 14th|publisher=Dent|location=London|oclc=18415701|isbn=0-521-86230-2|url=https://archive.org/details/englishpronounci00dani}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Ladefoged|first=Peter|author-link=Peter Ladefoged|date=September 1990|title=The revised International Phonetic Alphabet|journal=Language|volume=66|issue=3|pages=550–552|doi=10.2307/414611|jstor=414611}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Ladefoged|first=Peter|author2=Morris Halle|date=September 1988|title=Some major features of the International Phonetic Alphabet|journal=Language|volume=64|issue=3|pages=577–582|doi=10.2307/414533|jstor=414533}}
* {{Cite book|last=Laver|first=John|title=Principles of Phonetics|year=1994|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=New York|isbn=0-521-45031-4}} (hb); {{ISBN|0-521-45655-X}} (pb).
* {{Cite book|last=Pullum|first=Geoffrey K.|author-link=Geoffrey Pullum|author2=William A. Ladusaw|title=Phonetic Symbol Guide|year=1986|publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]]|location=Chicago|isbn=0-226-68532-2|title-link=Phonetic Symbol Guide}}
* {{Cite book|last=Skinner|first=Edith|author2=Timothy Monich|author3=Lilene Mansell|title=Speak with Distinction|location=New York|publisher=Applause Theatre Book Publishers|year=1990|isbn=1-55783-047-9|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/speakwithdistinc0000skin}}
* {{cite book|last1=Fromkin|first1=Victoria|last2=Rodman|first2=Robert|last3=Hyams|first3=Nina|title=An Introduction to Language|url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontola00from_616|url-access=limited|date=2011|publisher=Wadsworth, Cenage Learning|location=Boston|pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductiontola00from_616/page/n252 233]–234|edition=9th|isbn=978-1-4282-6392-5}}
{{Refend}}

==КъватӀисел регӀелал==
{{Commons}}
{{Commons category|International Phonetic Alphabet}}
* {{Official website|http://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org}}
* [https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/IPAcharts/inter_chart_2018/IPA_2018.html Interactive IPA chart]
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